Climate change is one of the biggest challenges affecting humanity today. There is an increasing corresponding burden on the availability of water. This is due to reduced rainfall in many parts of the world.

The propounding effects of climate change have resulted in livestock calamity, unbalanced nutrition for both humans and livestock.

The availability of water is an essential step in the process of the hydrological cycle. In rural communities, water availability is also linked to the ability to grow crops for household food security.

In urban areas, the need for water continues to grow as a result of the growing urban population. Due to the high density spread of urban dwellers in some places such as favelas and high density areas, the lack of water may result in disease and pandemics.

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